【蔡家和】論牟宗三判明道為“心即理一包養網站比較”之學

Keywords:Presenting cows and riding horses  Do not focus on the heart  Cheng Mingdao  Psychology  Minister  The mind is philosophy

Author :Cai Jiahe, professor and doctoral supervisor in Donghai Department of Philosophy.

1. Media

Traditionally, Ming Dao and Yichuan were in the same science department. As for Huang Zongxi (1610-1695), the “Song and Yuan Case” once said, it does not refer to the two brothers’ schools of disagreement. Huang Baijia (1643-1709) believes that the differences in sexual intercourse between the two are just differences in temperament. When I came to Quanzu’s view (1705-1755), [1] Although I also said that the study of the mind was not from Xiangshan Mountain in the Road (1139-1193), it was only traced back to Cheng Men’s Gao’s brother, Shangcai (1050-1103), and [2] It was not to go forward to Cheng Mingdao (1032-1085), the teacher of Shang Cai.

After the teacher, Mr. Mou Zongsan (1909-1995), he made a judgment on the two journeys, and believed that Ming Dao and Yi Chuan were different in their personality, which also made the purpose of academic temperament and the purpose of the tags different: Ming Dao belongs to “mind is principle”, while Yi Chuan belongs to principles. [3] Yi Chuan’s principles exist but are not active. This principle only falls into nature, and is not in the heart, and the mind does not belong to reason, so he does not understand Tao. In addition, Mr. Mou also believed that the “Two Teachers’ Words” in Volume 1 to Volume 10 of “Henan Cheng’s Book” is not only clearly marked with “Mingdao” or “Zhengshu”, but other unmarked notes are mostly Mingdao; while Mingdao is harmonious,In the word “Yichuan” is stupid and separate.

There are differences in this article about the two-Cheng Dividends mentioned above by Teacher Mou. At first, Yichuan also believed that he had inherited the enlightenment of Tao, as he said, “However, the teacher, the teacher, told the doorman Zhang Han, that I said, “I used to understand the Taoist Master, the teacher, and my Taoist ties were the same as the enlightenment of Taoism. If you want to know me at a different time, you can ask for this article.”[4] This shows that Yichuan believes that he is not far from enlightenment of Taoism. So, can Yichuan really follow the truth, or can he no longer turn himself in his own way? This article believes that Yichuan has not changed his direction as clearly as Teacher Mou’s judgment.

Teacher Mou believes that Ming Dao does not speak “Big School”. Although he has also commented on “Big School”, Ming Dao’s level of emphasis on “Big School” is not as good as Yi Chuan. Ming Daoyan wrote “Big Learning” as the gate of moral development and the beginning of hard work, and Teacher Mou copied three paragraphs of the middle text, [5] and determined the differences between it and the Yichuan investigation and practice. Is that true?

First, Mingdao once said: “‘To be aware of knowledge is to investigate things’. The yard is the ultimate. Or the investigation of things is the correct thing is the two sources.”[6] The “grape” is the “grape”, which is the same as the purpose of Yichuan年后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其后其� [7] Also said: “‘Achievement is to investigate things’. The ultimate is. When it comes to things, physics is as good as it is.” [8] This sentence comes from “Teacher Ers” and is unknown who comes from. Teacher Mou judged it as Ming Dao based on “Song and Yuan Case”. Mingdao also practices “studying things” as “the ultimate things”. To make things more rational and to make things happen, it is to be able to do everything, and this is also the same as Yichuan and Zhu Xi.

The third paragraph mentions: “‘Access to knowledge is to investigate things’, things come to know. Things come to know things, but they do not rely on their knowledge, but their minds are sincere and not moved. The mind is self-controlled, and the mind is upright. The things to learn from.”[9] The “things are all used to pay for things” in this article are to be able to to keep online evaluation to the principles of external things. Teacher Mou thought this article was a Ming Dao language and was not derived from the “Song and Yuan Case”. This judgment is very reasonable, because Mingdao’s “Dingshita Book” said: “Therefore, the best way to correct people is to be as good as the master, and things come and respond.” [10]

Mingdao advocated “The master is as good as the master, and things come and respond.” This is the beginning of Yichuan’s Yan Gong. The media Mingdao’s “article” of “investigating things” is “Zhi”, and now it also refers to things coming and responding, and the two are connected. However, the “ge” in Mingdao is about the origin and the origin. This is a kind of explanation of Zheng Xuan (127-200) and Li Xuan (774-836) both interpreted this kind of explanation, and [11] can be connected with the two words “ge” (in fact, as long as the word “ge” is connected, the energy of “investing things” is not connected). Yichuan and Zhu Zi also regarded “standard” as the reason, and had no differences with Mingdao.

In the third paragraph, I also viewed the beginning of “Big Xue” as the beginning of learning, which is as the meaning of “Big Xue” annotated by Zhu Zi, saying: “Zi Chengzi said: ‘Big Xue,’ is the book of Kong’s family, and it is the gate of learning to improve virtue.’ Now, we can see that the predecessors followed the learning order, and the existence of this article alone官网, and “官网” is followed by “官网”. Those who learn must learn from this, but they will not be bad.” [12] Mingdao’s “the things to start learning”, Zi Cheng Zi’s words “the door to gaining virtue at the beginning”, and Zhu Zi’s “study must learn from this”, have the same understanding.

Another passage from Ming Dao: “‘First A three days’, to make the reason why it is just about the matter; ‘First A three days’, to find out the way it is just about the defense.” [13] The “non” and “sincere” mentioned here can respond to the meaning of Yichuan and Zhu Xi. The meaning of 第一 is to understand the reason of things, and to understand the physical principles; Mingdao also says “clear virtue is wise”, etc. There are many threads like this, and it is impossible to see whether Mingdao has differences with Yi and Zhu!

The “existence but inactive” of Teacher Mou is based on his teacher, Teacher Xiong Shili (1885-1968). Teacher Xiong mentioned in “New Thoughts on Identity” that life force is activity, which is the mind, which is the reason. If it is for the mechanical material technology, it is lifeless and inactive. [14] Teacher Xiong loved Chongyang Ming in his early years, and Teacher Mou used it in the learning of Mingdao.

The following article will explore